ad hardening

Miscellaneous/Active Directory/ad_hardening.md

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+# Active Directory Hardening
+
+## Policy Management Editor 
+
+Can be opened by right clicking on a domain in the Policy Management tool.
+
+### Do Not Store The LM Hash
+
+LM hashes can be bruteforced, disable them under security options in the Windows settings of the group Policy Management Editor
+```
+Network Security: Do not store LAN Manager hash value on next password change
+```
+
+### SMB Signing
+
+Enable SMB signing in the Group Policy Mangement Editor under Security Options of the Local Policies of Windows Settings
+```
+Microsoft network server: Digitally sign communications (alway)
+```
+
+### LDAP Signing
+
+Enable LDAP signin in the Group Policy Mangement Editor under Security Options of the Local Policies of Windows Settings 
+```
+Domain Controller: LDAP servers signing requirements
+```
+
+### Passwords Policies
+
+* Use Multi-factor authentication
+* Use Group Managed Service Accounts (gMSAs) and rotate the passwords frequently
+* Store a password history, so passwords won't be reused
+* Set the password complexity through character pool and length of the password
+* Use a passphrase
+
+Set lifetime of passwords in the Group Policy Management Editor under Password Policy of Account Policies under Security Settings
+```
+Maximum password age
+```
+
+## Least Privilege Model
+
+Do not use administrational accounts for everyday work.
+Create accounts following these categories
+
+* *User accounts*
+* *Privileged accounts*
+* *Shared accounts*
+
+### Role Based Access Control (RBAC)
+
+Grant permissions through temporary roles. Do not use Discretionary Access Control (DAC) if possible.
+
+### Tiered Access Models (AD TAM)
+
+Prevention of privileged credentials from crossing boundaries, either accidentally or intentionally.
+Similar to the ring model
+
+* *Tier 0*, includes administrational domain accounts, Domain Controller and groups
+* *Tier 1*, Domain apps and servers
+* *Tier 2*, unprivileged user
+
+### Auditing Accounts
+
+Frequent audits and continuous monitoring of the accounts and groups status and changes.
+
+## Security Compliance Toolkit (MSCT)
+
+Manage and implement domain-level policies via pre-defined baseline policies.
+
+
+### Installing Security Baselines
+
+Download the [Tools and the 'Security Baseline.zip'](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=55319) and install the Powershell script.
+
+### Policy Analyzer 
+
+It is included on [the same site](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=55319) as the other tools.
+
+### RDP
+
+Do not expose RDP to the internet without additional security measures in place.
+
+### Publicly Accessible Share
+
+Use `Get-SmbOpenFile` cmdlet to look out for unwanted shares