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Message Protocols

Where to begin

Communication Sniffing on unsecured connections
Source code analysis
Documentation

Message Queueing Telemetry Transport (MQTT)

Queues on a Broker are used through a publish/subscribe model as an asynchronous connection in the following way

Publisher sends data to a queue of the broker
Broker holds the message in Topics (queues) for period of time
Subscriber may connect and get the message from the Broker via Topics

Tools

nmap to list the topics
mosquitto_sub -h <hostname> -t <topic> to subscribe to topics or query the device ID
mosquitto_pub -h to publish to topics through mentioning the device ID